P0184
 
P0184
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Personal Data
Surname Visconti
First name Bernabo (Barnabas)
Nickname  
Dating 1363
Location Milan
Life dates 1319 - +19-12-1385
1323 (Milan) – 18 December 1385
Title Lord of Milan, 1349-1385 (Deposed by nephew Gian Galeazzo), Lord of Reggio, 1371 (by conquest)
Close relatives отец - Duke Etienne Visconti (?Stefano Visconti?)
мать - Valentine Doria
братья - Matteo and Galeazzo
жена - (27 September 1350) Beatrix 'Regina' Della Scala (born between 1330 and 1335, death 18-06-1384), дочь Mastino II Della Scalla, Lord of Verona, and Tadea van Carrara
Дети
1. Viridis born in 1350
2. Thadea born in 1351
3. Catharina born in 1360
4. Carla born in 1362
5. Antonia born 1365
6. Magdalena born 1366
7. Lucia born in 1370
8. Elisabeth born in 1374
his son-in-law Sir John Hawkwood (the captain of English mercenaries in Italy)
Type of the object Monumento funebre, Monumento sepolcrale
Place of manufacturing
(place of burial)
was originally in the Church of San Giovanni in Conca
proviene dalla demolita chiesa di San Giovanni in Conca (qualche rudere ne sopravvive in piazza Missori)
San Giovanni in Conca is a crypt of a former basilika church in Milan. Now is located in the centre of Piazza Missori.
Place of exposition Civiche Raccolte d'Arte del Castello Sforzesco, Milan, Italy
Date of manufacturing 1363
Artist
BONINO DA CAMPIONE. Italian sculptor (active 1350-90)
 
Comments

The funerary monument of Bernabo Visconti, with an equestrian statue, together with that of his consort, had been made beforehand, in 1363. The sculptures by Bonino da Campione were intended for the church of San Giovanni in Conca. They now stand in the Castello Sforzesco in Milan.
Marble, height: 600 cm
It was made in 1363 by Bonino da Campione, and in 1385 Bernabo was deposed as ruler of Milan by Gian Galeazzo Visconti.

He was born in Milan, the son of Stefano Visconti and Valentina Doria. From 1346 to 1349 he lived in exile, until he was called back by his uncle Giovanni Visconti. On 27 September 1350 Bernabo married Beatrice Regina della Scala, daughter of Mastino II, Lord of Verona and Taddea da Carrara, and forged both a political and cultural alliance between the two cities. His intrigues and ambitions kept him at war almost continuously with Pope Urban V, the Florentines, Venice and Savoy. In 1354, at the death of Giovanni, he inherited the power of Milan, together with his brothers Matteo and Galeazzo. Bernabo received the eastern lands (Bergamo, Brescia, Cremona and Crema), that bordered the Veronese territories. Milan itself was to be ruled in turn by the three brothers. The vicious Matteo was murdered in 1355 at the order of his brothers, who divided his inheritance between them.
In 1356, after having offended the emperor, he pushed back a first attack upon Milan by the imperial vicar Markward von Raudeck, imprisoning him. In 1360 he was declared heretic by Innocent VI at Avignon and condemned by Emperor Charles IV. The ensuing conflict ended with a dismaying defeat at San Ruffillo against the imperial troops under Galeotto I Malatesta (29 July 1361). In 1362, after the death of his sister's husband, Ugolino Gonzaga, caused him to attack also Mantua. Warring on several different fronts, in December of that year he sued for peace with the new pope, Urban V, through the mediation of King John II of France. However, having Barnabo neglected to return the papal city of Bologna and to present himself at Avignon, on 4 March 1363 he was excommunicated once more, together with his children, one of whom, Ambrogio, was captured by the Papal commander Gil de Albornoz. With the peace signed on 13 March 1364, Visconti left the occupied Papal lands, in exchange for the raising of the ban upon a payment of 500,000 florins.
In spring 1368 Visconti allied with Cansignorio della Scala of Verona, and attacked Mantua, still ruled by Ugolino Gonzaga. The situation was settled later in the year through an agreement between him and emperor. Two years later he besieged Reggio, which he managed to acquire from Gonzaga in 1371. The following war against the Este of Modena and Ferrara raised again Papal enmity against the Milanese, now on the part of Gregory XI. In 1370, he ordered the construction of the Trezzo Bridge, then the largest single-arch bridge in the world.
In 1373, the pope sent two papal delegates to serve Bernabo and Galeazzo their excommunication papers (consisting of a parchment bearing a leaden seal rolled in a silken cord). Bernabo, infuriated, placed the two papal delegates under arrest and refused their release until they had eaten the parchment, seal, and silken cord which they had served him. He managed to resist, despite also the outbreak of a plague in Milan, whose consequences he suppressed with frantic energy. In 1378 he allied with the Republic of Venice in its War of Chioggia against Genoa. His troops were however defeated in September 1379 in the Val Bisagno.
Bernabo, whose despotism and taxes had enraged the Milanese — he is featured among the exempla of tyrants as victims of Fortune in Chaucer's Monk's Tale as "god of delit and scourge of Lumbardye" — was deposed by his nephew Gian Galeazzo Visconti in 1385. Imprisoned in the castle of Trezzo, he was poisoned in December of that year.

Bernabo was an ally of Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria: three of his daughters were married with Stephen's descendants. His issue include:
Viridis (1352- 1414), married Leopold III, Duke of Inner Austria and were the parents of Ernest, Duke of Austria the father of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor.
Agnese (1362- executed 1391), married Francesco I Gonzaga
Taddea (1351-28 September 1381), married Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria. She was the mother of Louis VII of Bavaria and Isabeau of Bavaria.
Marco (November 1353- 1382), married Elisabeth of Bavaria.
Ludovico (1358- 7 March 1404), married Violante Visconti (1353- November 1386), daughter of Galeazzo II Visconti, and widow of Lionel of Antwerp.
Rodolfo (d.1388), Lord of Parma
Carlo (September 1359- August 1403), married Beatrice, daughter of John II of Armagnac and sister of John III of Armagnac.
Valentina (d.1393), married Peter II of Cyprus
Caterina (1361- poisoned 17 October 1404,[4]) married her cousin Gian Galeazzo Visconti as his second wife. She was the mother of Gian Maria Visconti and Filippo Maria Visconti, successive dukes of Milan. She acted as regent for her son Gian Maria during his minority.
Lucia Visconti (1372- 14 April 1424), betrothed 1. Louis II of Anjou and married 2. Edmund Holland, 4th Earl of Kent
Maddalena (1366- 17 July 1404), married Frederick, Duke of Bavaria and was mother of Henry XVI of Bavaria.
Mastino (d.1404), married Antonia della Scala (d. 1400), daughter of Cangrande II della Scala.
Anglesia (d.12 October 1439), married Janus of Cyprus
Giammastino (1370- 19 June 1405), married Cleofa (d.1403) daughter of Cangrande II della Scala.
Elisabetta (1374- 2 February 1432), married Ernest, Duke of Bavaria and was the mother of Albert III, Duke of Bavaria.
Antonia (1360-26 March 1405), married Eberhard III, Count of Wurttemberg
His illegitimate offspring by Donnina del Porri, legitimated in a ceremony after the death of his wife in 1384, were as follows:
Palamede (d. 1402).
Lancelloto.
Sovrana, married Giovanni da Prato.
Ginevra, married Leonardo Malaspina (d. 1441).
Enrica, married Franchino Rusca.

In addition, Bernabo had other illegitimate offspring by other mistresses:
—With Beltramola Grassi:
Ambrogio (1343 - killed in battle Caprino Bergamasco, 17 August 1373), condottiero and Governor of Pavia.
Isotta (d. 1388), married in 1378 to Count Lutz von Landau, condottiero under the name of Lucio Land (d. 1398).
Ettore (d. 1413), who briefly took the Lordship of Milan (16 May - 12 June 1412), married Margherita Infrascati.
Riccarda, married Bernard, Seigneur de La Salle (d. 1391).
—With Montanina de Lazzari:
Sagramoro (d. 1385), Lord of Brignano, married Achiletta Marliani.
Donnina (1360 - 1406), married in 1377 to Sir John Hawkwood.
—With Giovanolla Montebretto:
Bernarda (d. 1376), married Giovanni Suardi.
Valentia, married Antonio Gentile Visconti, Lord of Belgioioso.

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